【2009经济学人杂志双语阅读】Zarema's end 萨利玛之死

chijiaoshunv

Killings in Chechnya
杀戮之地——车臣

Zarema's end
萨利玛之死

Aug 13th 2009 | MOSCOW
From The Economist print edition

More brutal murders in lawless Chechnya
一幕幕更为血腥的谋杀不断在无法无天的车臣上演


Another funeral in Grozny
格罗兹尼的又一场葬礼

ZAREMA SADULAYEVA was not political. She did not investigate crimes committed by Russian and Chechen security men or write articles about them. She ran an independent charity that helped children traumatised, physically and emotionally, by two Chechen wars. Her organisation, Save the Generation, dealt with those who had lost limbs and parents.

萨利玛•萨杜拉耶娃并不涉足政治，也没有调查俄罗斯和车臣安全人员犯下的罪行，更没有写过文章来揭露这些丑恶。她只是在运作一个名为“拯救这一代”的独立慈善组织，来帮助那些在两次车臣战争中遭受身体和精神创伤、或是失去了双亲的儿童。

On August 10th, in broad daylight, a group of armed men—some in military fatigues, others in civilian clothing—walked into her office and took away her and her husband, Alik Djabrailov (a former rebel). The men returned to pick up the pair’s mobile phones and car. A few hours later, their bodies were found in the boot near Grozny, riddled with bullets. In their callousness and impunity the executions recalled the murder of Natalia Estemirova, a human-rights defender, a few weeks ago.

8月10日，在光天化日之下，一伙持枪歹徒——既有军人打扮的，也有平民打扮的——闯进了萨利玛的办公室，劫持了她和她的丈夫阿利克•德贾布拉洛瓦（一名 前叛乱分子），还夺走了他们的手机，开走了他们的汽车。几个小时后，人们在格罗兹尼附近发现了夫妇俩被子弹打成蜂窝的尸体。冷血的歹徒们行凶后还能逍遥法 外，不禁让人们想起了几周前人权斗士娜塔莉亚•爱斯特米洛娃遇害事件。

The two women worked across the street from each other and shared the belief that human life and dignity are more important than political expediency. It is not a belief apparently held by the Chechen or Russian authorities. Shortly after the murder of Ms Estemirova, Ramzan Kadyrov, Chechnya’s president, told Radio Liberty that she had “no honour, dignity or conscience”. His henchmen consider human-rights workers legitimate targets. Mr Kadyrov bears much responsibility for the climate of impunity and terror in Chechnya. With the silent blessing of Vladimir Putin, Russia’s prime minister and his patron, Mr Kadyrov has created a totalitarian system in the province.

两位女性生前都在同一条街工作，彼此有着共同的信念：政治利益不应置于人的生命和尊严之上。但是很显然，这并不为车臣和俄罗斯当局所认同。爱斯特米洛娃尸 骨未寒之际，车臣总统拉姆赞•卡德罗夫就在接受自由电台采访时称其是“没有名誉，没有尊严，没有良心的女人”。卡氏的追随者们甚至认为，人权工作者遭袭， 那是理所应当。卡德罗夫要为车臣地区无法无天的恐怖气氛承担主要责任。在其资助人——俄罗斯总理普京的默许下，卡氏得以在车臣建立起极权政府。

Mr Kadyrov has been expanding his personal power, acting more as a Kremlin ally than as a subject and state employee. If Moscow had the will to investigate the murders of human-rights defenders and to protect the few still working in the region, it could easily do it. But the murders remain unsolved and human-rights activists, lawyers and journalists continue to die (a journalist was killed in neighbouring Dagestan on August 11th).

卡德罗夫热衷于扩张自己的权力，他表现得更像是克里姆林宫的盟友，而非从属于中央政府的官员。如果莫斯科真想让人权斗士遇害案件水落石出，并且保护那些仍 在车臣坚持斗争的人权工作者，它可以不费吹灰之力就做到。但现实是，死者沉冤未雪，又有人权活动家、律师及记者不断遇害（8月11日，一名记者被刺于临近 车臣的达吉斯坦）。

An independent investigation in Chechnya would cause friction with Mr Kadyrov who is personally loyal to Mr Putin and whose means, in the Kremlin’s eyes, justify the end of stabilising Chechnya. In fact, Russia’s “victory” in the Chechen wars is deceptive. The entire north Caucasus remains a battleground, where people die daily. On August 12th armed rebels gunned down Ingushetia’s construction minister. The Kremlin has not made Chechnya into an integral, law-abiding part of Russia. But it has moved Russia closer to Chechnya.

如果在车臣展开独立调查，就会得罪卡德罗夫。要知道，卡氏个人对普京可谓是忠心耿耿，而且在克里姆林宫眼中，他的统治手腕，倒让车臣地区的不稳定局势看起 来合情合理了。事实上，俄罗斯没有在车臣战争中取得所谓的“胜利”——眼下整个高加索地区还战火不断，生灵涂炭。8月12日，一伙武装叛乱分子甚至枪杀了 印古什的建设部长。克里姆林宫没有把车臣打造成团结一致的法治社会，反倒是今日俄罗斯越来越像车臣了。