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SAP R/3 有十二个产品模块,SD(销售与分销),MM(物料管理),PP(生产计划),QM(质量管理),PM(工厂维护),HR(人事管理),FI(财务会计),CO(财务控制),AM(资产管理),PS(项目管理),WF(工作流程管理),IS(工业方案 ) 我再补充一下： CRM(客户关系管理) scm（供应链关系管理） srm（供应商管理） APO(性能优化管理) SAP R/3系统模块 FI 应收、应付、总帐、合并、投资、基金、现金等； CO 利润及成本中心，产品成本、项目会计、获利分析等； AM 固定资产、技术资产、投资控制等； SD 销售计划、询价报价、定单管理、运输发货、发票等； MM 采购、库房管理、库存管理、MRP、供应商评价等； PP 工厂数据、生产计划、MRP、能力计划、成本核算等； QM 质量计划、质量检测、质量控制、质量文档等； PM 维护及检测计划、单据处理、历史数据、报告分析等； HR 薪资、差旅、工时、招聘、发展计划、人事成本等； PS 项目计划、预算、能力计划、资源管理、结果分析等； WF 工作定义、流程管理、电子邮件、信息传送自动化等； PI SAP与其他系统的集成； IS 针对不同行业提供特殊应用。 基础部分：R/3系统内核、数据库、支持各类平台的接口、ABAP/4工具语言等。 其中:5大基础模块是: PP MM SD FI CO 一般公司都会上此5大模块. 但不是绝对的.例如,如果是子公司,销售业务不在本公司,可能不上SD模块;如果是只管销售的公司,可能不上PP模块..... 现在一般较解决方案了，官方慢慢不叫模块了 下面是模块的分法： Here is a brief overview of most of the modules and there processes in SAP. This should give you a brief outline of what each module is about and also makes you understand as to what each module does. Materials Management (MM) The grouping of management functions supporting the complete cycle of material flow, from the purchase and internal control of production materials to the planning and control of work in process to the warehousing, shipping, and distribution of the finished product. Sales and Distribution (SD) This module includes the business processes used to sell and deliver products and services to customers and business partners. Information about the product and customers (both of which are stored in the master data) is used in SD. Production Planning (PP) This module supports functions for the overall level of manufacturing output and other activities to best satisfy the current planned levels of sales (sales plan or forecasts), while meeting general business objectives of profitability, competitive customer lead times as expressed in the overall business plan. One of its primary purposes is to establish production rates that will achieve management’s objective of satisfying customer demand, by maintaining, raising or lowering inventories or backlogs, while usually attempting to keep the workforce relatively stable. Plant Maintenance (PM) Supports the planning, processing, and completion of plant maintenance tasks Allows for planners to schedule routine maintenance in a way that is least disruptive for manufacturing and sales requirements Quality Management (QM) Supports the quality inspection aspects of the business, including purchasing, research, and sales Allows for buyers and manufacturing personnel to track inspection lots and test results Financial Accounting (FI) Designed for automated management and external reporting of General Ledger (GL), Accounts Receivable (AR), Accounts Payable (AP), and Asset Management (AM) with a user-defined chart of accounts. External reporting, such as income statement and balance sheet Represents cost and revenue flows throughout the organization Aids in organizational decision making Supports internal reporting such as cost center reports Asset Accounting (AA) AA provides tools to acquire, depreciate, evaluate, and retire assets. The kinds of assets covered are fixed, low value, leased, and real estate. Low value assets depreciate in the year they are bought and are often aggregated as a single asset master record. Depreciation often needs to be tracked (for more than one reason), so SAP R/3 allows you to depreciate the same piece of equipment in several parallel ways. Human Resources (HR) Takes care of payroll, time recording, applicant administration, and organization data. It supports the planning and control of personnel activities. Industry Solutions (IS) IS is scaleable and flexible, and can be tailored to the specific needs of each business. Examples are: SAP Aerospace and Defense SAP Automotive SAP Banking SAP Chemicals SAP Consumer Products SAP Engineering and Construction SAP Telecommunication SAP Utilities SAP Service Provider Work Flow (WF) Links the integrated SAP R/3 application modules with cross-application technologies, tools, and services, including e-mail. Work flow allows you to set up the followings: Maintain your company’s organization structure according to responsibility. Link the predefined standard tasks with the authorized agents in your company. Activate existing event receiver links between triggering events and consuming workflow tasks. Name a technical person responsible for each standard workflow template. Project System (PS) Helps you to plan, manage, control, and figure the cost of R&D projects, and so on. The common tasks revolve around allocation of people, resources, and money within the framework of schedule and task relationships. For Freshers getting into SAP, They always wonder as to which is the best SAP Module? Well… what’s your area of expertise? This will help you in getting steered correctly into SAP. Because, SAP is a vast area. people get into doing Programming, Adminsitration, Material Management, Sales and Distribution, Finance, Warehousing…! Every business process is one big area. So, ask youself where do you fit in. I would rather say, if you have any programming experience… go into SAP ABAP. If not, try working out in any of the functional areas and then make your move into that SAP Domain. Here is the complete list of SAP Modules and Descriptions. You Decide where you want to go from here? SAP Modules and Descriptions Environmental Health & Safety EH&S has the following sub-modules: Product Safety Dangerous Goods Waste Industrial Hygiene Occupational Health. Financial Accounting To work on general ledger, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other sub-ledger accounts with a user defined chart of accounts. Financial Accounting has the following Sub modules. FI-GL General Ledger Accounting FI-LC Consolidation FI-AP Accounts Payable FI-AR Accounts Receivable FI-BL Bank Accounting FI-AA Asset Accounting FI-SL Special Purpose Ledger FI-FM Funds Management FI-CA Contract Accounting CO Controlling Involved with Cost & revenue and Management The CO module has following sub modules: CO-OM Overhead Costing CO-PA Profitability Analysis CO-PC Product Cost Controlling AM Asset Management Involved in managing and supervising the fixed assets. Purchasing, Depreciation and Investment of Assets. PS Project System Designed to support the planning, control and monitoring of long-term, highly complex projects with defined goals. FS Insurance SAP for Insurance enables insurance companies to handle customer and market requirements and simultaneously control profitability and economic viability. FS-CD Collections and disbursements FS-CM Claims management FS-CS Commissions management FS-PM Policy management FS-RI Reinsurance management FS-PE Payment Engine (Banking Payments Solution still in development) IS Industry Solutions Combines the SAP application modules and additional industry-specific functionality. IS-A Automotive IS-ADEC Aerospace and Defense IS-AFS Apparel and Footwear IS-B Banking IS-BEV Beverage IS-CWM Catch Weight Management (Variable Weight Items such as Meats and Cheeses) IS-DFS Defense and Security IS-H Hospital IS-HER Higher Education IS-HSS Hospitality Management IS-HT High tech IS-M Media IS-MIN Mining IS-MP Milling (or IS-MILL) IS-OIL Oil IS-PS Public Sector IS-R Retail IS-REA Recycling Admin IS-SP Service Provider IS-T Telecommunications IS-U Utilities IS-U Supplier Switch Utilities IS-U EDM Utilities IS-U EDM Billing Utilities IS-U Agregated Billing Utilities IS-U /BW Utilities HR Human Resources Complete integrated system for supporting the planning and control of personnel activities and HR module is sometimes equivalently referred to as HCM (Human Capital Management). HR Human Resource Management HR has the following Modules HR-OM Organizational Management HR-PA Personnel Administration HR-PB Recruitment HR-PD Personnel Development HR-PT Time Management HR-PY Payroll Management HR-TEM Training and Event Management HCM Human Capital Management Stock of productive skills and technical knowledge embodied in labor. LE Logistics Execution The Logistics Execution System (LES), a major component of the supply chain management (SCM) application from SAP, allows an adminstrator to manage the information and processes involved in all stages of the supply chain, from procuring raw materials to distributing finished products. LES connects SCM processes involved in procurement, order processing, production, storage, inventory management, shipping, and sales. PLM Product Lifecycle Management Product lifecycle management is the process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its conception, through design and manufacture, to service and disposal. PM Plant Maintenance Equipment servicing and rebuilding. MM Materials Management Handles Inventory and Procurement functions and handling purchasing, inventory, stocking etc. QM Quality Management A quality control and information system supporting quality planning, inspection, and control for manufacturing and procurement. PP Production Planning This module includes; bills of material, routings, work centers, sales and operations planning, master production scheduling, material requirements planning, shop floor control, production orders, product costing, etc. SD Sales and Distribution Helps to optimize all the tasks and activities carried out in sales, delivery and billing. Key elements are: presales support, inquiry processing, quotation processing, sales order processing, delivery processing, billing and sales information system. SCM Supply Chain Management Supply chain management (SCM) is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the operations of the supply chain as efficiently as possible. Supply Chain Management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point-of-origin to point-of-consumption. SRM Supplier Relationship Management Supplier relationship management is a comprehensive approach to managing an entERPrise’s interactions with the organizations that supply the goods and services it uses. The goal of supplier relationship management (SRM) is to streamline and make more effective the processes between an entERPrise and its suppliers just as customer relationship management is intended to streamline and make more effective the processes between an entERPrise and its customers. BW Business Information Warehouse Business Intelligence, analytical, reporting and Data Warehousing (DW) solution. SEM Strategic EntERPrise Management Management techniques, metrics and related tools that companies can use to make strategic decisions. WM Warehouse Management Subdivides the “Storage Location”, which is used in the MM Module to define inventory values by location, into “Storage Types” and then into “Storage Bins”. Control of stock to a physical level down to a warehouse bin. Placement and removal rules can be configured, stock counts can be done. HUM Handling Unit Management Used as a unique ID for each pallet of stock held in the warehouse. F&R Advanced Forecasting & Replenishment Forecasting stocking levels of material, planning the purchases etc. Big list isn’t it. So, Just think where your profile fits it and make the correct career move.
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